Dark spots – also known as hyperpigmentation or sun spots – are one of the most stubborn skin concerns out there. They tend to stick around long after a breakout fades or a sunburn peels. 

So, can you help prevent dark spots from forming in some cases? Absolutely. And it starts with the most important step in your skin care routine: daily sun protection.

“Sun exposure is a primary culprit of hyperpigmentation,” explains Teresa Stenzel, esthetician and Bioelements Esthetics Insight Circle member. “When your skin encounters harmful UVA and UVB rays, it goes into protective mode. This defense mechanism involves ramping up melanin production – the pigment responsible for your skin’s color. However, this surge in melanin can sometimes lead to uneven patches, ranging in color from brown to subtle gray, red or pink.”

Don’t be fooled into thinking the sun is the only offender. Any trauma to the skin, whether from an injury or inflammation, can trigger what’s known as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). This type of pigmentation appears as dark spots after the initial injury or inflammation has healed.

Other smart moves to help keep dark spots from forming 

Hands off your skin
Picking at breakouts, bug bites or scabs might feel satisfying in the moment, but it can lead to longer-lasting discoloration. Avoid the urge to scratch or pick to avoid any unwanted lingering marks.

Cover up
Wear a wide-brimmed hat or sun-protective clothing to shield your skin if you're spending time outside. UV rays can reach you even through clouds and windows, so physical barriers go a long way. 

Load up on antioxidants
Ingredients like vitamin C help defend your skin from free radical damage (which can lead to pigmentation). A daily antioxidant serum can help brighten your skin and keep discoloration from taking hold. 

Support your skin barrier
A compromised barrier makes skin more vulnerable to inflammation, a big trigger for dark spots. Look for moisturizers that help replenish and protect, especially if your skin is sensitive.

Prevention takes consistency, but it’s worth it. Think of it this way: every dark spot your skin doesn’t develop is one less you’ll have to fade later.